Initial growth and structure of root nodules of Erythrophleum ivorense Afzel. Ex. E Don, an African endemic caesalpinoid infected with Rhizobia
KIAM TCHOS H A1, BIYE E H1*, SOULEYMANOU A2
1Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Science P.O. Box 812, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon; 2 Biotechnology Centre, University of Yaoundé I PO.Box 3851 Messa, Yaoundé. (*Corresponding author: elvira.hortense@yahoo.com; Tel: (237) 677 42 46 31)
Received October, 2015; revised December, 2015; accepted January, 2016.
ABSTRACT
The genus Erythrophleum Afzel. Ex. E Don consists of tropical trees which can grow to over 30 m high. It is the only genus of Caesalpinoideae native to Africa that is known to form nitrogen fixing root nodules. In Cameroon, the genus is represented by three species, although there is doubt about the exact species in some collections. The aim of this study was to examine the micro- and macro morphology of nodules of Erythrophleum ivorense at various formation stages. To specifically investigate the nodulation of Erythrophleum ivorense, seedlings were grown in a mixture of soil and sand in the nursery and inoculated with crushed nodules from forest soil. Nodule occurrence, morphology and structure were studied over a two years period and observations were made at various stages of plant growth. The data obtained, during the examination of these nodules and plant growth, are provided here as well as some microscopic observations of the nodule structure. Preliminary descriptions of the rhizobia nodulating Erythrophleum have also been attempted.
Key words: Bacteria, Development, Leguminosae, Morphology, Nodulation.
RESUME
Le genre Erythrophleum Afzel. Ex. E Don se compose d’arbres tropicaux pouvant atteindre plus de 30 m de haut. Il est le seul genre de Caesalpinoideae originaire d’Afrique connu pour former des nodules racinaires fixation d’azote. Au Cameroun, le genre est représenté par trois espèces, bien qu’il n’y ait des doutes sur l’espèce exacte dans certaines collections. Le but de cette étude était d’examiner la micro- et macro morphologie des nodules d’Erythrophleum ivorense à des divers stades de formation. Pour enquêter spécifiquement sur la nodulation de Erythrophleum ivorense, les semis ont été cultivés dans un mélange de terre et de sable dans la pépinière et inoculés avec des nodules broyées du sol forestier. La structure, morphologie et apparition de nodules ont été étudiées sur une période de deux ans et les observations sont faites à différents stades de croissance des plantes. Les données obtenues, lors de l’examen de ces nodules et la croissance de la plante, sont fournies ici, ainsi que quelques observations microscopiques de la structure du nodule. Les descriptions préliminaires d’Erythrophleum rhizobium nodulant ont également été tentées.
Mots clés: Bacterie, Développement, Leguminosae, Morphologie, Nodulation.
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