Isolation and Physiological Studies of Fungi Associated with Post-Harvest Diseases of Selected Solanaceous Fruits in Ilorin Markets, Nigeria

Isolation et Ă©tudes physiologiques des champignons associĂ©s aux maladies post-rĂ©coltes des fruits de certaines solanacĂ©es dans les marchĂ©s d’Ilorin, au NigĂ©ria.

GARUBA T*, AZEEZ J A, BELLO M O, LATEEF A A

Department of Plant Biology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria (*Corresponding author: garuba.t@unilorin.edu.ng).

Received March, 2017; revised April, 2017; accepted December, 2017.

ABTRACT

This study was carried out to determine the fungi associated with diseases of some solanaceous crops stored in selected markets in Ilorin. The diseased sample fruits of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), Pepper (Capsicum annuum) and Eggplant (Solanum melongena) were randomly collected and isolation of fungi from the samples was carried out using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Pathogenicity test and physiological studies of the isolates were performed. Total of seven fungi, Aspergillus niger, A. terreus, A. oryzae, Colletotrichum coccodes, C. capsici, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Penicillum funiculosum and Rhizopus Stolonifer were isolated in all the sampled fruits and C. coccodes was present in all species samples. The results from pathogenicity test showed that C. coccodes was the most pathogenic fungus. The mycelia dry weights of C. coccodes in various media were 1.04 g in glucose, 1.16 g in sucrose and 1.13 g in fructose. It was revealed that isolated fungi showed differential ability in utilizing different carbon sources.

Key words: Carbon sources, disease, isolation, mycelia, pathogenicity

RESUME

Cette Ă©tude a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e pour dĂ©terminer les champignons associĂ©s Ă  des maladies de certaines solanacĂ©es cultivĂ©es et stockĂ©es dans des marchĂ©s Ă  Ilorin. Les Ă©chantillons de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum) malades, de poivre (Capsicum annuum) et d’aubergines (Solanum melongena) ont Ă©tĂ© recueillis au hasard et l’isolement des champignons a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ© Ă  l’aide d’Agar de Dextrose Sabouraud (SDA) et d’Agar De Dextrose De Pomme De Terre (PDA). Le test de pathogĂ©nicitĂ© et les Ă©tudes physiologiques des isolats ont Ă©tĂ© effectuĂ©s. Sept champignons, Aspergillus niger, A. terreus, A. oryzae, Colletotrichum coccodes, C. capsici, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Penicillum funiculosum et Rhizopus Stolonifer ont Ă©tĂ© isolĂ©s dans tous les fruits Ă©chantillonnĂ©s et C. coccodes Ă©tait prĂ©sent dans tous les Ă©chantillons d’espèces. C. coccodes a Ă©tĂ© le champignon le plus pathogène. Les poids mycĂ©liaux secs de C. coccodes dans divers milieux ont Ă©tĂ© de 1,04 g dans le glucose, 1,16 g dans le saccharose et 1,13 g dans le fructose. Il a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©vĂ©lĂ© que les champignons isolĂ©s prĂ©sentaient une capacitĂ© diffĂ©rente dans l’utilisation de diffĂ©rentes sources de carbone.

Mots clés: sources de carbone, maladie, isolement, mycélium, pathogénicité

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